Stima delle emissioni inquinanti in una rete stradale urbana : definizione e sviluppo di un modello mesoscopico basato su assegnazione dinamica del traffico

Abstract

In the contemporary “automobile city” (Gori et al., 2012), the increase of congestion has implied an increase of travel times and land consumption, but also an excessive production of noise and air pollutions. In such a context the road vehicle emissions have become a key aspect to work on in order to improve the life quality and sustainability. Road vehicle emissions have become an important aspect related to the life quality and sustainability. To estimate emissions on congested urban network, usually macroscopic or mesoscopic approaches are followed, but due to their approximations they can’t match the results of the microscopic one. Moreover temporal variations of traffic conditions are masked in the current approaches, thus biasing vehicle emissions estimates. The microscopic approach can substantially improve the emission estimation, however it is usually applied to a subset of links of the network, due to the need of huge input data. The aim of the study is to develop a method that overtakes the limits of the previous approaches to obtain reliable values of pollutant emissions and that can be applied to evaluate the results of off-line and on-line traffic management strategies in congested urban networks. It takes advantage of the development of dynamic assignment models, where the adoption of dynamical flow models provide a more realistic representation of traffic congestion. The method has been applied to the real case of the city of Brindisi (Italy) and in the Eur district of Rome (Italy) demonstrating its reliability and efficiency.